Civil Disobedience

Henry David Thoreau was a philosopher [ तत्वज्ञानी ], naturalist [ निसर्गवादी ] and writer who believed in living a simple life. He is most famous as an author.
     But there is something much less known about him. He spent a night in jail [ तुरुंग ] for refusing to pay his voting tax. He didn't pay the tax because he wanted to protest [ निषेध करणे ] against slavery.
     After that, Thoreau wrote an essay called "Civil Disobedience" [ सविनय कायदेभंग ] to explain what he did. For example, he wrote: Under a government which imprisons [sends to jail] any person unjustly [ अयोग्यपणे ], the true place for a just man is also a prison.   
     [Do you agree or disagree with him? Would you be willing to go to jail for something you believed in?]

     One hundred years later, when Mahatma Gandhi was beginning his life work of nonviolent resistance [ अहिंसक विरोध ], he was impressed [ प्रभावित ] by Henry David Thoreau’s advice to resist things that were wrong. Here are some of the things Gandhi would have read from Thoreau's essay, "Civil Disobedience":
     * I have paid no poll tax for six years. I was put in jail for this, for one night. As I stood considering [ विचार करा ] the walls of solid stone, two or three feet thick, the door of wood and iron, a foot thick, and the iron bars which divided the light, I could not help thinking about the foolishness of an institution [ संस्था ] which thought of me as if I was only flesh, blood and bones, to be locked up.   … I did not for a moment feel confined [ मर्यादीत ]... I felt that I, alone, of all my townsmen had paid my tax.
     * I very much accept [ स्वीकारा ] the motto, "That government is best which governs least". Actually, I believe -- "That government is best which governs not at all".  When men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of government which they will have.    ... The government itself, which only exists [ अस्तित्वात ] to do the will [ इच्छाशक्ती ] of the people, can be abused [ गैरवापर ] and corrupted [ दूषित ] before the people can act through it.
     I ask, not at once, for no government—but at once a better government!    … Must the citizen [ नागरिक ] resign [ राजीनामा ] his conscience [ कर्तव्याची जाणीव ] to the legislator [ आमदार ]?  

     Must the citizen resign his conscience to the legislator? 
     Why has every man a conscience then?